Fleeing the instability of Mali, thousands of people hoped to find peace in Mauritania. While they are now far from armed conflict, they face another, equally formidable enemy: bushfires . These fires, exacerbated by climate change, threaten the livelihoods of both refugees and local populations.

A solidarity born of urgency

For the refugees in the Mbera camp, home to more than 250,000 people, protecting Mauritanian soil is an act of gratitude. By joining the volunteer fire brigades, they thank the host community that has welcomed them.

1. Shared expertise: Hantam Ag Ahmedou, who arrived at the camp in 2012, recounts how his father structured the first groups of volunteers. By bringing their own traditional know-how to bear alongside local methods, the Malians strengthened the effectiveness of the firefighting efforts.
2. Traditional and robust techniques: On the ground, volunteers often use acacia branches to beat the flames on the ground, a method adapted to the thermal resistance of this local tree.

A structured and supported organization

Since 2018, what began as a community initiative has become a major logistical operation:

1. International support: UNHCR now sponsors these brigades, while the European Union funds equipment, training and the creation of firewalls.
2. Increased numbers: Today there are more than 360 volunteers working hand in hand with the Mauritanian authorities.

Climate change, a multiplier of tensions

The fight against fire is first and foremost a fight for economic survival. In a country 90% covered by the Sahara, every hectare of pasture is vital.

“With the effects of climate change, even locals are struggling to feed their livestock. A simple bushfire then becomes an existential threat to everyone.” — Tayyar Sukru Cansizoglou, Head of UNHCR in Mauritania.

Climate change is accelerating desertification and depleting water resources, transforming the preservation of vegetation into a matter of social peace. By protecting common pastures, Malian refugees and Mauritanians are not only protecting the environment, but also preserving the stability and cohesion of the region.